gopher

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 Go to latest Published: Jun 26, 2021 License: MIT Imports: 20 Imported by: 13

README

Gopher protocol library for Golang

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This is a standards compliant Gopher library for the Go programming language implementing the RFC 1436 specification. The library includes both client and server handling and examples of each.

Installation

$ go get github.com/prologic/go-gopher

Usage

import "github.com/prologic/go-gopher"

Example

Client
package main

import (
	"fmt"

	"github.com/prologic/go-gopher"
)

func main() {
	res, _ := gopher.Get("gopher://gopher.floodgap.com/")
	bytes, _ := res.Dir.ToText()
	fmt.Println(string(bytes))
}
Server
package main

import (
	"log"

	"github.com/prologic/go-gopher"
)

func hello(w gopher.ResponseWriter, r *gopher.Request) {
	w.WriteInfo("Hello World!")
}

func main() {
	gopher.HandleFunc("/hello", hello)
	log.Fatal(gopher.ListenAndServe("localhost:70", nil))
}

Related projects:

  • gopherproxy gopherproxy is Gopher to HTTP proxy that uses go-gopher for all of its core functionality.

  • gopherclient gopherclient is a cross-platform QT/QML GUI Gopher Client using the gopherproxy library as its backend.

License

MIT

Documentation

Overview

Package gopher provides an implementation of the Gopher protocol (RFC 1436)

Much of the API is similar in design to the net/http package of the standard library. To build custom Gopher servers implement handler functions or the `Handler{}` interface. Implementing a client is as simple as calling `gopher.Get(uri)` and passing in a `uri` such as `"gopher://gopher.floodgap.com/"`.

Example (Client) 
res, err := gopher.Get("gopher://gopher.floodgap.com")
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Print(res.Dir.ToText())

Output:
Example (Fileserver) 
gopher.Handle("/", gopher.FileServer(gopher.Dir("/tmp")))
log.Fatal(gopher.ListenAndServe("localhost:7000", nil))

Output:
Example (Server) 
gopher.HandleFunc("/hello", hello)
log.Fatal(gopher.ListenAndServe("localhost:7000", nil))

Output:

Index

Examples

Constants

View Source 
const (
	FILE        = ItemType('0') // Item is a file
	DIRECTORY   = ItemType('1') // Item is a directory
	PHONEBOOK   = ItemType('2') // Item is a CSO phone-book server
	ERROR       = ItemType('3') // Error
	BINHEX      = ItemType('4') // Item is a BinHexed Macintosh file.
	DOSARCHIVE  = ItemType('5') // Item is DOS binary archive of some sort. (*)
	UUENCODED   = ItemType('6') // Item is a UNIX uuencoded file.
	INDEXSEARCH = ItemType('7') // Item is an Index-Search server.
	TELNET      = ItemType('8') // Item points to a text-based telnet session.
	BINARY      = ItemType('9') // Item is a binary file! (*)

	REDUNDANT = ItemType('+') // Item is a redundant server
	TN3270    = ItemType('T') // Item points to a text-based tn3270 session.
	GIF       = ItemType('g') // Item is a GIF format graphics file.
	IMAGE     = ItemType('I') // Item is some kind of image file.

	// non-standard
	INFO  = ItemType('i') // Item is an informational message
	HTML  = ItemType('h') // Item is a HTML document
	AUDIO = ItemType('s') // Item is an Audio file
	PNG   = ItemType('p') // Item is a PNG Image
	DOC   = ItemType('d') // Item is a Document
)

Item Types

View Source 
const (
	// END represents the terminator used in directory responses
	END = byte('.')

	// TAB is the delimiter used to separate item response parts
	TAB = byte('\t')

	// CRLF is the delimiter used per line of response item
	CRLF = "\r\n"

	// DEFAULT is the default item type
	DEFAULT = BINARY
)

Variables

View Source 
var (
	// ServerContextKey is a context key. It can be used in Gopher
	// handlers with context.WithValue to access the server that
	// started the handler. The associated value will be of type *Server.
	ServerContextKey = &contextKey{"gopher-server"}

	// LocalAddrContextKey is a context key. It can be used in
	// Gopher handlers with context.WithValue to access the address
	// the local address the connection arrived on.
	// The associated value will be of type net.Addr.
	LocalAddrContextKey = &contextKey{"local-addr"}
)
View Source 
var DefaultServeMux = &defaultServeMux

DefaultServeMux is the default ServeMux used by Serve.

View Source 
var FileExtensions = map[string]ItemType{
	".txt":  FILE,
	".gif":  GIF,
	".jpg":  IMAGE,
	".jpeg": IMAGE,
	".png":  IMAGE,
	".html": HTML,
	".ogg":  AUDIO,
	".mp3":  AUDIO,
	".wav":  AUDIO,
	".mod":  AUDIO,
	".it":   AUDIO,
	".xm":   AUDIO,
	".mid":  AUDIO,
	".vgm":  AUDIO,
	".s":    FILE,
	".c":    FILE,
	".py":   FILE,
	".h":    FILE,
	".md":   FILE,
	".go":   FILE,
	".fs":   FILE,
}

FileExtensions defines a mapping of known file extensions to gopher types

View Source 
var MimeTypes = map[string]ItemType{
	"text/html": HTML,
	"text/*":    FILE,

	"image/gif": GIF,
	"image/*":   IMAGE,

	"audio/*": AUDIO,

	"application/x-tar":  DOSARCHIVE,
	"application/x-gtar": DOSARCHIVE,

	"application/x-xz":    DOSARCHIVE,
	"application/x-zip":   DOSARCHIVE,
	"application/x-gzip":  DOSARCHIVE,
	"application/x-bzip2": DOSARCHIVE,
}

MimeTypes defines a mapping of known mimetypes to gopher types

Functions

func Error 

func Error(w ResponseWriter, error string)

Error replies to the request with the specified error message. It does not otherwise end the request; the caller should ensure no further writes are done to w. The error message should be plain text.

func Handle 

func Handle(pattern string, handler Handler)

Handle registers the handler for the given pattern in the DefaultServeMux. The documentation for ServeMux explains how patterns are matched.

func HandleFunc 

func HandleFunc(pattern string, handler func(ResponseWriter, *Request))

HandleFunc registers the handler function for the given pattern in the DefaultServeMux. The documentation for ServeMux explains how patterns are matched.

func ListenAndServe 

func ListenAndServe(addr string, handler Handler) error

ListenAndServe listens on the TCP network address addr and then calls Serve with handler to handle requests on incoming connections.

A trivial example server is: 

package main

import (
    "io"
    "log"

    "github.com/prologic/go-gopher"
)

// hello world, the gopher server
func HelloServer(w gopher.ResponseWriter, req *gopher.Request) {
    w.WriteInfo("hello, world!")
}

func main() {
    gopher.HandleFunc("/hello", HelloServer)
    log.Fatal(gopher.ListenAndServe(":7000", nil))
}

ListenAndServe always returns a non-nil error.

func ListenAndServeTLS 

func ListenAndServeTLS(addr, certFile, keyFile string, handler Handler) error

ListenAndServeTLS acts identically to ListenAndServe, except that it expects TLS connections. Additionally, files containing a certificate and matching private key for the server must be provided. If the certificate is signed by a certificate authority, the certFile should be the concatenation of the server's certificate, any intermediates, and the CA's certificate.

A trivial example server is: 

import (
    "log"

    "github.com/prologic/go-gopher",
)

func HelloServer(w gopher.ResponseWriter, req *gopher.Request) {
    w.WriteInfo("hello, world!")
}

func main() {
    gopher.HandleFunc("/", handler)
    log.Printf("About to listen on 73. Go to gophers://127.0.0.1:73/")
    err := gopher.ListenAndServeTLS(":73", "cert.pem", "key.pem", nil)
    log.Fatal(err)
}

One can use generate_cert.go in crypto/tls to generate cert.pem and key.pem.

ListenAndServeTLS always returns a non-nil error.

func NotFound 

func NotFound(w ResponseWriter, r *Request)

NotFound replies to the request with an resouce not found error item.

Types

type Dir 

type Dir string

A Dir implements FileSystem using the native file system restricted to a specific directory tree.

While the FileSystem.Open method takes '/'-separated paths, a Dir's string value is a filename on the native file system, not a URL, so it is separated by filepath.Separator, which isn't necessarily '/'.

An empty Dir is treated as ".".

func (Dir) Name 

func (d Dir) Name() string

Name returns the directory

func (Dir) Open 

func (d Dir) Open(name string) (File, error)

Open opens the directory

type Directory 

type Directory struct {
	Items []*Item `json:"items"`
}

Directory representes a Gopher Menu of Items

func (*Directory) ToJSON 

func (d *Directory) ToJSON() ([]byte, error)

ToJSON returns the Directory as JSON bytes

func (*Directory) ToText 

func (d *Directory) ToText() ([]byte, error)

ToText returns the Directory as UTF-8 encoded bytes

type File 

type File interface {
	io.Closer
	io.Reader
	io.Seeker
	Readdir(count int) ([]os.FileInfo, error)
	Stat() (os.FileInfo, error)
}

A File is returned by a FileSystem's Open method and can be served by the FileServer implementation.

The methods should behave the same as those on an *os.File.

type FileSystem 

type FileSystem interface {
	Name() string
	Open(name string) (File, error)
}

A FileSystem implements access to a collection of named files. The elements in a file path are separated by slash ('/', U+002F) characters, regardless of host operating system convention.

type Handler 

type Handler interface {
	ServeGopher(ResponseWriter, *Request)
}

A Handler responds to a Gopher request.

ServeGopher should write data or items to the ResponseWriter and then return. Returning signals that the request is finished; it is not valid to use the ResponseWriter concurrently with the completion of the ServeGopher call.

Handlers should not modify the provided request.

If ServeGopher panics, the server (the caller of ServeGopher) assumes that the effect of the panic was isolated to the active request. It recovers the panic, logs a stack trace to the server error log, and hangs up the connection.

func FileServer 

func FileServer(root FileSystem) Handler

FileServer returns a handler that serves Gopher requests with the contents of the file system rooted at root.

To use the operating system's file system implementation, use gopher.Dir: 

gopher.Handle("/", gopher.FileServer(gopher.Dir("/tmp")))

func NotFoundHandler 

func NotFoundHandler() Handler

NotFoundHandler returns a simple request handler that replies to each request with a “resource page not found” reply.

type HandlerFunc 

type HandlerFunc func(ResponseWriter, *Request)

The HandlerFunc type is an adapter to allow the use of ordinary functions as Gopher handlers. If f is a function with the appropriate signature, HandlerFunc(f) is a Handler that calls f.

func (HandlerFunc) ServeGopher 

func (f HandlerFunc) ServeGopher(w ResponseWriter, r *Request)

ServeGopher calls f(w, r).

type Item 

type Item struct {
	Type        ItemType `json:"type"`
	Description string   `json:"description"`
	Selector    string   `json:"selector"`
	Host        string   `json:"host"`
	Port        int      `json:"port"`

	// non-standard extensions (ignored by standard clients)
	Extras []string `json:"extras"`
}

Item describes an entry in a directory listing.

func ParseItem 

func ParseItem(line string) (item *Item, err error)

ParseItem parses a line of text into an item

func (*Item) FetchDirectory 

func (i *Item) FetchDirectory() (Directory, error)

FetchDirectory fetches directory information, not data. Calling this on an Item whose type is not DIRECTORY will return an error.

func (*Item) FetchFile 

func (i *Item) FetchFile() (io.ReadCloser, error)

FetchFile fetches data, not directory information. Calling this on a DIRECTORY Item type or unsupported type will return an error.

func (*Item) MarshalJSON 

func (i *Item) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error)

MarshalJSON serializes an Item into a JSON structure

func (*Item) MarshalText 

func (i *Item) MarshalText() ([]byte, error)

MarshalText serializes an Item into an array of bytes

type ItemType 

type ItemType byte

ItemType represents the type of an item

func GetItemType 

func GetItemType(p string) ItemType

GetItemType returns the Gopher Type of the given path

func (ItemType) String 

func (it ItemType) String() string

Return a human friendly represation of an ItemType

type Request 

type Request struct {
	Selector  string
	LocalHost string
	LocalPort int
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

Request repsesnts an inbound request to a listening server. LocalHost and LocalPort may be used by the Handler for local links. These are specified in the call to ListenAndServe.

type Response 

type Response struct {
	Type ItemType
	Dir  Directory
	Body io.ReadCloser
}

Response represents a Gopher resource that Items contains a non-empty array of Item(s) for directory types, otherwise the Body contains the fetched resource (file, image, etc).

func Get 

func Get(uri string) (*Response, error)

Get fetches a Gopher resource by URI

type ResponseWriter 

type ResponseWriter interface {
	// Server returns the connection's server instance
	Server() *Server

	// End ends the document by writing the terminating period and crlf
	End() error

	// Write writes the data to the connection as part of a Gopher reply.
	//
	Write([]byte) (int, error)

	// WriteError writes an error item
	WriteError(err string) error

	// WriteInfo writes an informational item
	WriteInfo(msg string) error

	// WriteItem writes an item
	WriteItem(i *Item) error
}

A ResponseWriter interface is used by a Gopher handler to construct an Gopher response.

A ResponseWriter may not be used after the Handler.ServeGopher method has returned.

type ServeMux 

type ServeMux struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

ServeMux is a Gopher request multiplexer. It matches the URL of each incoming request against a list of registered patterns and calls the handler for the pattern that most closely matches the URL.

Patterns name fixed, rooted paths, like "/favicon.ico", or rooted subtrees, like "/images/" (note the trailing slash). Longer patterns take precedence over shorter ones, so that if there are handlers registered for both "/images/" and "/images/thumbnails/", the latter handler will be called for paths beginning "/images/thumbnails/" and the former will receive requests for any other paths in the "/images/" subtree.

Note that since a pattern ending in a slash names a rooted subtree, the pattern "/" matches all paths not matched by other registered patterns, not just the URL with Path == "/".

If a subtree has been registered and a request is received naming the subtree root without its trailing slash, ServeMux redirects that request to the subtree root (adding the trailing slash). This behavior can be overridden with a separate registration for the path without the trailing slash. For example, registering "/images/" causes ServeMux to redirect a request for "/images" to "/images/", unless "/images" has been registered separately.

ServeMux also takes care of sanitizing the URL request path, redirecting any request containing . or .. elements or repeated slashes to an equivalent, cleaner URL.

func NewServeMux 

func NewServeMux() *ServeMux

NewServeMux allocates and returns a new ServeMux.

func (*ServeMux) Handle 

func (mux *ServeMux) Handle(pattern string, handler Handler)

Handle registers the handler for the given pattern. If a handler already exists for pattern, Handle panics.

func (*ServeMux) HandleFunc 

func (mux *ServeMux) HandleFunc(pattern string, handler func(ResponseWriter, *Request))

HandleFunc registers the handler function for the given pattern.

func (*ServeMux) Handler 

func (mux *ServeMux) Handler(r *Request) (h Handler, pattern string)

Handler returns the handler to use for the given request, consulting r.Selector. It always returns a non-nil handler.

Handler also returns the registered pattern that matches the request.

If there is no registered handler that applies to the request, Handler returns a “resource not found” handler and an empty pattern.

func (*ServeMux) ServeGopher 

func (mux *ServeMux) ServeGopher(w ResponseWriter, r *Request)

ServeGopher dispatches the request to the handler whose pattern most closely matches the request URL.

type Server 

type Server struct {
	Addr    string  // TCP address to listen on, ":gopher" if empty
	Handler Handler // handler to invoke, gopher.DefaultServeMux if nil

	Hostname string // FQDN Hostname to reach this server on

	// ErrorLog specifies an optional logger for errors accepting
	// connections and unexpected behavior from handlers.
	// If nil, logging goes to os.Stderr via the log package's
	// standard logger.
	ErrorLog *log.Logger
}

Server defines parameters for running a Gopher server. A zero value for Server is valid configuration.

func (*Server) ListenAndServe 

func (s *Server) ListenAndServe() error

ListenAndServe starts serving gopher requests using the given Handler. The address passed to ListenAndServe should be an internet-accessable domain name, optionally followed by a colon and the port number.

If the address is not a FQDN, LocalHost as passed to the Handler may not be accessible to clients, so links may not work.

func (*Server) ListenAndServeTLS 

func (s *Server) ListenAndServeTLS(certFile, keyFile string) error

ListenAndServeTLS listens on the TCP network address srv.Addr and then calls Serve to handle requests on incoming TLS connections. Accepted connections are configured to enable TCP keep-alives.

Filenames containing a certificate and matching private key for the server must be provided if neither the Server's TLSConfig.Certificates nor TLSConfig.GetCertificate are populated. If the certificate is signed by a certificate authority, the certFile should be the concatenation of the server's certificate, any intermediates, and the CA's certificate.

If srv.Addr is blank, ":gophers" is used (port 73).

ListenAndServeTLS always returns a non-nil error.

func (*Server) Serve 

func (s *Server) Serve(l net.Listener) error

Serve ...

Source Files

View all Source files

Directories

Path Synopsis
examples
client
fileserver
hello

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