hdrhistogram

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Published: Aug 24, 2021 License: MIT Imports: 15 Imported by: 120

README

hdrhistogram-go

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A pure Go implementation of the HDR Histogram.

A Histogram that supports recording and analyzing sampled data value counts across a configurable integer value range with configurable value precision within the range. Value precision is expressed as the number of significant digits in the value recording, and provides control over value quantization behavior across the value range and the subsequent value resolution at any given level.

For documentation, check godoc.

Getting Started

Installing

Use go get to retrieve the hdrhistogram-go implementation and to add it to your GOPATH workspace, or project's Go module dependencies.

go get github.com/HdrHistogram/hdrhistogram-go

To update the implementation use go get -u to retrieve the latest version of the hdrhistogram.

go get github.com/HdrHistogram/hdrhistogram-go
Go Modules

If you are using Go modules, your go get will default to the latest tagged release version of the histogram. To get a specific release version, use @<tag> in your go get command.

go get github.com/HdrHistogram/hdrhistogram-go@v0.9.0

To get the latest HdrHistogram/hdrhistogram-go master repository change use @latest.

go get github.com/HdrHistogram/hdrhistogram-go@latest
Repo transfer and impact on go dependencies

This repository has been transferred under the github HdrHstogram umbrella with the help from the orginal author in Sept 2020. The main reasons are to group all implementations under the same roof and to provide more active contribution from the community as the orginal repository was archived several years ago.

Unfortunately such URL change will break go applications that depend on this library directly or indirectly, as discussed here.

The dependency URL should be modified to point to the new repository URL. The tag "v0.9.0" was applied at the point of transfer and will reflect the exact code that was frozen in the original repository.

If you are using Go modules, you can update to the exact point of transfter using the @v0.9.0 tag in your go get command.

go mod edit -replace github.com/codahale/hdrhistogram=github.com/HdrHistogram/hdrhistogram-go@v0.9.0

Credits


Many thanks for Coda Hale for contributing the initial implementation and transfering the repository here.

Documentation

Overview

Package hdrhistogram provides an implementation of Gil Tene's HDR Histogram data structure. The HDR Histogram allows for fast and accurate analysis of the extreme ranges of data with non-normal distributions, like latency.

Histograms are encoded using the HdrHistogram V2 format which is based on an adapted ZigZag LEB128 encoding where: consecutive zero counters are encoded as a negative number representing the count of consecutive zeros non zero counter values are encoded as a positive number A typical histogram (2 digits precision 1 usec to 1 day range) can be encoded in less than the typical MTU size of 1500 bytes.

The log format encodes into a single file, multiple histograms with optional shared meta data.

Index

Examples

Constants

View Source
const (
	V2EncodingCookieBase           int32 = 0x1c849303
	V2CompressedEncodingCookieBase int32 = 0x1c849304

	ENCODING_HEADER_SIZE = 40
)
View Source
const HISTOGRAM_LOG_FORMAT_VERSION = "1.3"
View Source
const MsToNsRatio float64 = 1000000.0

Variables

This section is empty.

Functions

This section is empty.

Types

type Bar

type Bar struct {
	From, To, Count int64
}

Histogram bar for plotting

func (Bar) String

func (b Bar) String() string

Pretty print as csv for easy plotting

type Bracket

type Bracket struct {
	Quantile       float64
	Count, ValueAt int64
}

A Bracket is a part of a cumulative distribution.

type Histogram

type Histogram struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

A Histogram is a lossy data structure used to record the distribution of non-normally distributed data (like latency) with a high degree of accuracy and a bounded degree of precision.

func Decode added in v1.0.0

func Decode(encoded []byte) (rh *Histogram, err error)

Decode returns a new Histogram by decoding it from a String containing a base64 encoded compressed histogram representation.

func Import

func Import(s *Snapshot) *Histogram

Import returns a new Histogram populated from the Snapshot data (which the caller must stop accessing).

func New

func New(lowestDiscernibleValue, highestTrackableValue int64, numberOfSignificantValueDigits int) *Histogram

Construct a Histogram given the Lowest and Highest values to be tracked and a number of significant decimal digits.

Providing a lowestDiscernibleValue is useful in situations where the units used for the histogram's values are much smaller that the minimal accuracy required. E.g. when tracking time values stated in nanosecond units, where the minimal accuracy required is a microsecond, the proper value for lowestDiscernibleValue would be 1000.

Note: the numberOfSignificantValueDigits must be [1,5]. If lower than 1 the numberOfSignificantValueDigits will be forced to 1, and if higher than 5 the numberOfSignificantValueDigits will be forced to 5.

Example

This latency Histogram could be used to track and analyze the counts of observed integer values between 1 us and 30000000 us ( 30 secs ) while maintaining a value precision of 4 significant digits across that range, translating to a value resolution of :

  • 1 microsecond up to 10 milliseconds,
  • 100 microsecond (or better) from 10 milliseconds up to 10 seconds,
  • 300 microsecond (or better) from 10 seconds up to 30 seconds,

nolint

lH := hdrhistogram.New(1, 30000000, 4)
input := []int64{
	459876, 669187, 711612, 816326, 931423, 1033197, 1131895, 2477317,
	3964974, 12718782,
}

for _, sample := range input {
	lH.RecordValue(sample)
}

fmt.Printf("Percentile 50: %d\n", lH.ValueAtQuantile(50.0))
Output:

Percentile 50: 931423

func (*Histogram) ByteSize

func (h *Histogram) ByteSize() int

ByteSize returns an estimate of the amount of memory allocated to the histogram in bytes.

N.B.: This does not take into account the overhead for slices, which are small, constant, and specific to the compiler version.

func (*Histogram) CumulativeDistribution

func (h *Histogram) CumulativeDistribution() []Bracket

CumulativeDistribution returns an ordered list of brackets of the distribution of recorded values.

func (*Histogram) CumulativeDistributionWithTicks added in v1.0.0

func (h *Histogram) CumulativeDistributionWithTicks(ticksPerHalfDistance int32) []Bracket

CumulativeDistribution returns an ordered list of brackets of the distribution of recorded values.

func (*Histogram) Distribution

func (h *Histogram) Distribution() (result []Bar)

Distribution returns an ordered list of bars of the distribution of recorded values, counts can be normalized to a probability

func (*Histogram) Encode added in v1.0.0

func (h *Histogram) Encode(version int32) (buffer []byte, err error)

Encode returns a snapshot view of the Histogram. The snapshot is compact binary representations of the state of the histogram. They are intended to be used for archival or transmission to other systems for further analysis.

func (*Histogram) EndTimeMs added in v1.0.0

func (h *Histogram) EndTimeMs() int64

func (*Histogram) Equals

func (h *Histogram) Equals(other *Histogram) bool

Equals returns true if the two Histograms are equivalent, false if not.

func (*Histogram) Export

func (h *Histogram) Export() *Snapshot

Export returns a snapshot view of the Histogram. This can be later passed to Import to construct a new Histogram with the same state.

func (*Histogram) HighestTrackableValue

func (h *Histogram) HighestTrackableValue() int64

HighestTrackableValue returns the upper bound on values that will be added to the histogram

func (*Histogram) LowestTrackableValue

func (h *Histogram) LowestTrackableValue() int64

LowestTrackableValue returns the lower bound on values that will be added to the histogram

func (*Histogram) Max

func (h *Histogram) Max() int64

Max returns the approximate maximum recorded value.

func (*Histogram) Mean

func (h *Histogram) Mean() float64

Mean returns the approximate arithmetic mean of the recorded values.

func (*Histogram) Merge

func (h *Histogram) Merge(from *Histogram) (dropped int64)

Merge merges the data stored in the given histogram with the receiver, returning the number of recorded values which had to be dropped.

func (*Histogram) Min

func (h *Histogram) Min() int64

Min returns the approximate minimum recorded value.

func (*Histogram) PercentilesPrint added in v1.0.0

func (h *Histogram) PercentilesPrint(writer io.Writer, ticksPerHalfDistance int32, valueScale float64) (outputWriter io.Writer, err error)

Output the percentiles distribution in a text format

Example

The following example details the creation of an histogram used to track and analyze the counts of observed integer values between 0 us and 30000000 us ( 30 secs ) and the printing of the percentile output format nolint

lH := hdrhistogram.New(1, 30000000, 3)
input := []int64{
	459876, 669187, 711612, 816326, 931423, 1033197, 1131895, 2477317,
	3964974, 12718782,
}

for _, sample := range input {
	lH.RecordValue(sample)
}

lH.PercentilesPrint(os.Stdout, 1, 1.0)
Output:

 Value	Percentile	TotalCount	1/(1-Percentile)

  460031.000     0.000000            1         1.00
  931839.000     0.500000            5         2.00
 2478079.000     0.750000            8         4.00
 3966975.000     0.875000            9         8.00
12722175.000     0.937500           10        16.00
12722175.000     1.000000           10          inf
#[Mean    =  2491481.600, StdDeviation   =  3557920.109]
#[Max     = 12722175.000, Total count    =           10]
#[Buckets =           15, SubBuckets     =         2048]

func (*Histogram) RecordCorrectedValue

func (h *Histogram) RecordCorrectedValue(v, expectedInterval int64) error

RecordCorrectedValue records the given value, correcting for stalls in the recording process. This only works for processes which are recording values at an expected interval (e.g., doing jitter analysis). Processes which are recording ad-hoc values (e.g., latency for incoming requests) can't take advantage of this.

func (*Histogram) RecordValue

func (h *Histogram) RecordValue(v int64) error

RecordValue records the given value, returning an error if the value is out of range.

Example

This latency Histogram could be used to track and analyze the counts of observed integer values between 0 us and 30000000 us ( 30 secs ) while maintaining a value precision of 3 significant digits across that range, translating to a value resolution of :

  • 1 microsecond up to 1 millisecond,
  • 1 millisecond (or better) up to one second,
  • 1 second (or better) up to it's maximum tracked value ( 30 seconds ).

nolint

lH := hdrhistogram.New(1, 30000000, 3)
input := []int64{
	459876, 669187, 711612, 816326, 931423, 1033197, 1131895, 2477317,
	3964974, 12718782,
}

for _, sample := range input {
	lH.RecordValue(sample)
}

fmt.Printf("Percentile 50: %d\n", lH.ValueAtQuantile(50.0))
Output:

Percentile 50: 931839

func (*Histogram) RecordValues

func (h *Histogram) RecordValues(v, n int64) error

RecordValues records n occurrences of the given value, returning an error if the value is out of range.

func (*Histogram) Reset

func (h *Histogram) Reset()

Reset deletes all recorded values and restores the histogram to its original state.

func (*Histogram) SetEndTimeMs added in v1.0.0

func (h *Histogram) SetEndTimeMs(endTimeMs int64)

func (*Histogram) SetStartTimeMs added in v1.0.0

func (h *Histogram) SetStartTimeMs(startTimeMs int64)

func (*Histogram) SetTag added in v1.0.0

func (h *Histogram) SetTag(tag string)

func (*Histogram) SignificantFigures

func (h *Histogram) SignificantFigures() int64

SignificantFigures returns the significant figures used to create the histogram

func (*Histogram) StartTimeMs added in v1.0.0

func (h *Histogram) StartTimeMs() int64

func (*Histogram) StdDev

func (h *Histogram) StdDev() float64

StdDev returns the approximate standard deviation of the recorded values.

func (*Histogram) Tag added in v1.0.0

func (h *Histogram) Tag() string

func (*Histogram) TotalCount

func (h *Histogram) TotalCount() int64

TotalCount returns total number of values recorded.

func (*Histogram) ValueAtPercentile added in v1.1.0

func (h *Histogram) ValueAtPercentile(percentile float64) int64

ValueAtPercentile returns the largest value that (100% - percentile) of the overall recorded value entries in the histogram are either larger than or equivalent to.

The passed percentile must be a float64 value in [0.0 .. 100.0] Note that two values are "equivalent" if `ValuesAreEquivalent(value1,value2)` would return true.

Returns 0 if no recorded values exist.

func (*Histogram) ValueAtPercentiles added in v1.1.0

func (h *Histogram) ValueAtPercentiles(percentiles []float64) (values map[float64]int64)

ValueAtPercentiles, given an slice of percentiles returns a map containing for each passed percentile, the largest value that (100% - percentile) of the overall recorded value entries in the histogram are either larger than or equivalent to.

Each element in the given an slice of percentiles must be a float64 value in [0.0 .. 100.0] Note that two values are "equivalent" if `ValuesAreEquivalent(value1,value2)` would return true.

Returns a map of 0's if no recorded values exist.

Example

When doing an percentile analysis we normally require more than one percentile to be calculated for the given histogram.

When that is the case ValueAtPercentiles() will deeply optimize the total time to retrieve the percentiles vs the other option which is multiple calls to ValueAtQuantile().

nolint

histogram := hdrhistogram.New(1, 30000000, 3)

for i := 0; i < 1000000; i++ {
	histogram.RecordValue(int64(i))
}

percentileValuesMap := histogram.ValueAtPercentiles([]float64{50.0, 95.0, 99.0, 99.9})
fmt.Printf("Percentile 50: %d\n", percentileValuesMap[50.0])
fmt.Printf("Percentile 95: %d\n", percentileValuesMap[95.0])
fmt.Printf("Percentile 99: %d\n", percentileValuesMap[99.0])
fmt.Printf("Percentile 99.9: %d\n", percentileValuesMap[99.9])
Output:

Percentile 50: 500223
Percentile 95: 950271
Percentile 99: 990207
Percentile 99.9: 999423

func (*Histogram) ValueAtQuantile

func (h *Histogram) ValueAtQuantile(q float64) int64

ValueAtQuantile returns the largest value that (100% - percentile) of the overall recorded value entries in the histogram are either larger than or equivalent to.

The passed quantile must be a float64 value in [0.0 .. 100.0] Note that two values are "equivalent" if `ValuesAreEquivalent(value1,value2)` would return true.

Returns 0 if no recorded values exist.

func (*Histogram) ValuesAreEquivalent added in v1.0.1

func (h *Histogram) ValuesAreEquivalent(value1, value2 int64) (result bool)

Determine if two values are equivalent with the histogram's resolution. Where "equivalent" means that value samples recorded for any two equivalent values are counted in a common total count.

type HistogramLogOptions added in v1.0.0

type HistogramLogOptions struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

func DefaultHistogramLogOptions added in v1.0.0

func DefaultHistogramLogOptions() *HistogramLogOptions

type HistogramLogReader added in v1.0.0

type HistogramLogReader struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

func NewHistogramLogReader added in v1.0.0

func NewHistogramLogReader(log io.Reader) *HistogramLogReader
Example

The log format encodes into a single file, multiple histograms with optional shared meta data. The following example showcases reading a log file into a slice of histograms nolint

package main

import (
	"bytes"
	"fmt"

	hdrhistogram "github.com/HdrHistogram/hdrhistogram-go"
	"io/ioutil"
)

func main() {
	dat, _ := ioutil.ReadFile("./test/tagged-Log.logV2.hlog")
	r := bytes.NewReader(dat)

	// Create a histogram log reader
	reader := hdrhistogram.NewHistogramLogReader(r)
	var histograms []*hdrhistogram.Histogram = make([]*hdrhistogram.Histogram, 0)

	// Read all histograms in the file
	for hist, err := reader.NextIntervalHistogram(); hist != nil && err == nil; hist, err = reader.NextIntervalHistogram() {
		histograms = append(histograms, hist)
	}
	fmt.Printf("Read a total of %d histograms\n", len(histograms))

	min := reader.RangeObservedMin()
	max := reader.RangeObservedMax()
	sigdigits := 3
	overallHistogram := hdrhistogram.New(min, max, sigdigits)

	//// We can then merge all histograms into one and retrieve overall metrics
	for _, hist := range histograms {
		overallHistogram.Merge(hist)
	}
	fmt.Printf("Overall count: %d samples\n", overallHistogram.TotalCount())
	fmt.Printf("Overall Percentile 50: %d\n", overallHistogram.ValueAtQuantile(50.0))

}
Output:

Read a total of 42 histograms
Overall count: 32290 samples
Overall Percentile 50: 344319

func (*HistogramLogReader) NextIntervalHistogram added in v1.0.0

func (hlr *HistogramLogReader) NextIntervalHistogram() (histogram *Histogram, err error)

func (*HistogramLogReader) NextIntervalHistogramWithRange added in v1.0.0

func (hlr *HistogramLogReader) NextIntervalHistogramWithRange(rangeStartTimeSec, rangeEndTimeSec float64, absolute bool) (histogram *Histogram, err error)

func (*HistogramLogReader) ObservedMax added in v1.0.0

func (hlr *HistogramLogReader) ObservedMax() bool

func (*HistogramLogReader) ObservedMin added in v1.0.0

func (hlr *HistogramLogReader) ObservedMin() bool

func (*HistogramLogReader) RangeObservedMax added in v1.0.0

func (hlr *HistogramLogReader) RangeObservedMax() int64

Returns the overall observed max limit ( up to the current point ) of the read histograms

func (*HistogramLogReader) RangeObservedMin added in v1.0.0

func (hlr *HistogramLogReader) RangeObservedMin() int64

Returns the overall observed min limit ( up to the current point ) of the read histograms

type HistogramLogWriter added in v1.0.0

type HistogramLogWriter struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

func NewHistogramLogWriter added in v1.0.0

func NewHistogramLogWriter(log io.Writer) *HistogramLogWriter
Example

The log format encodes into a single file, multiple histograms with optional shared meta data. The following example showcases writing multiple histograms into a log file and then processing them again to confirm a proper encode-decode flow nolint

package main

import (
	"bytes"
	"fmt"

	hdrhistogram "github.com/HdrHistogram/hdrhistogram-go"
	"io/ioutil"
)

func main() {
	var buff bytes.Buffer

	// Create a histogram log writer to write to a bytes.Buffer
	writer := hdrhistogram.NewHistogramLogWriter(&buff)

	writer.OutputLogFormatVersion()
	writer.OutputStartTime(0)
	writer.OutputLegend()

	// Lets create 3 distinct histograms to exemply the logwriter features
	// each one with a time-frame of 60 secs ( 60000 ms )
	hist1 := hdrhistogram.New(1, 30000000, 3)
	hist1.SetStartTimeMs(0)
	hist1.SetEndTimeMs(60000)
	for _, sample := range []int64{10, 20, 30, 40} {
		hist1.RecordValue(sample)
	}
	hist2 := hdrhistogram.New(1, 3000, 3)
	hist1.SetStartTimeMs(60001)
	hist1.SetEndTimeMs(120000)
	for _, sample := range []int64{50, 70, 80, 60} {
		hist2.RecordValue(sample)
	}
	hist3 := hdrhistogram.New(1, 30000, 3)
	hist1.SetStartTimeMs(120001)
	hist1.SetEndTimeMs(180000)
	for _, sample := range []int64{90, 100} {
		hist3.RecordValue(sample)
	}
	writer.OutputIntervalHistogram(hist1)
	writer.OutputIntervalHistogram(hist2)
	writer.OutputIntervalHistogram(hist3)

	ioutil.WriteFile("example.logV2.hlog", buff.Bytes(), 0644)

	// read check
	// Lets read all again and confirm that the total sample count is 10
	dat, _ := ioutil.ReadFile("example.logV2.hlog")
	r := bytes.NewReader(dat)

	// Create a histogram log reader
	reader := hdrhistogram.NewHistogramLogReader(r)
	var histograms []*hdrhistogram.Histogram = make([]*hdrhistogram.Histogram, 0)

	// Read all histograms in the file
	for hist, err := reader.NextIntervalHistogram(); hist != nil && err == nil; hist, err = reader.NextIntervalHistogram() {
		histograms = append(histograms, hist)
	}
	fmt.Printf("Read a total of %d histograms\n", len(histograms))

	min := reader.RangeObservedMin()
	max := reader.RangeObservedMax()
	sigdigits := 3
	overallHistogram := hdrhistogram.New(min, max, sigdigits)

	//// We can then merge all histograms into one and retrieve overall metrics
	for _, hist := range histograms {
		overallHistogram.Merge(hist)
	}
	fmt.Printf("Overall count: %d samples\n", overallHistogram.TotalCount())
}
Output:

Read a total of 3 histograms
Overall count: 10 samples

func (*HistogramLogWriter) BaseTime added in v1.0.0

func (lw *HistogramLogWriter) BaseTime() int64

Return the current base time offset

func (*HistogramLogWriter) OutputBaseTime added in v1.0.0

func (lw *HistogramLogWriter) OutputBaseTime(base_time_msec int64) (err error)

Log a base time in the log. Base time is represented as seconds since epoch with up to 3 decimal places. Line starts with the leading text '#[BaseTime:'

func (*HistogramLogWriter) OutputComment added in v1.0.0

func (lw *HistogramLogWriter) OutputComment(comment string) (err error)

Log a comment to the log. A comment is any line that leads with '#' that is not matched by the BaseTime or StartTime formats. Comments are ignored when parsed.

func (*HistogramLogWriter) OutputIntervalHistogram added in v1.0.0

func (lw *HistogramLogWriter) OutputIntervalHistogram(histogram *Histogram) (err error)

Output an interval histogram, using the start/end timestamp indicated in the histogram, and the [optional] tag associated with the histogram. The histogram start and end timestamps are assumed to be in msec units

By convention, histogram start/end time are generally stamped with absolute times in msec since the epoch. For logging with absolute time stamps, the base time would remain zero ( default ). For logging with relative time stamps (time since a start point), the base time should be set with SetBaseTime(baseTime int64)

The max value in the histogram will be reported scaled down by a default maxValueUnitRatio of 1000000.0 (which is the msec : nsec ratio). If you need to specify a different start/end timestamp or a different maxValueUnitRatio you should use OutputIntervalHistogramWithLogOptions(histogram *Histogram, logOptions *HistogramLogOptions)

func (*HistogramLogWriter) OutputIntervalHistogramWithLogOptions added in v1.0.0

func (lw *HistogramLogWriter) OutputIntervalHistogramWithLogOptions(histogram *Histogram, logOptions *HistogramLogOptions) (err error)

Output an interval histogram, with the given timestamp information and the [optional] tag associated with the histogram

If you specify non-nil logOptions, and non-zero start timestamp, the the specified timestamp information will be used, and the start timestamp information in the actual histogram will be ignored. If you specify non-nil logOptions, and non-zero start timestamp, the the specified timestamp information will be used, and the end timestamp information in the actual histogram will be ignored. If you specify non-nil logOptions, The max value reported with the interval line will be scaled by the given maxValueUnitRatio, otherwise a default maxValueUnitRatio of 1,000,000 (which is the msec : nsec ratio) will be used.

By convention, histogram start/end time are generally stamped with absolute times in msec since the epoch. For logging with absolute time stamps, the base time would remain zero ( default ). For logging with relative time stamps (time since a start point), the base time should be set with SetBaseTime(baseTime int64)

func (*HistogramLogWriter) OutputLegend added in v1.0.0

func (lw *HistogramLogWriter) OutputLegend() (err error)

Output a legend line to the log. Human readable column headers. Ignored when parsed.

func (*HistogramLogWriter) OutputLogFormatVersion added in v1.0.0

func (lw *HistogramLogWriter) OutputLogFormatVersion() (err error)

Output a log format version to the log.

func (*HistogramLogWriter) OutputStartTime added in v1.0.0

func (lw *HistogramLogWriter) OutputStartTime(start_time_msec int64) (err error)

Log a start time in the log. Start time is represented as seconds since epoch with up to 3 decimal places. Line starts with the leading text '#[StartTime:'

func (*HistogramLogWriter) SetBaseTime added in v1.0.0

func (lw *HistogramLogWriter) SetBaseTime(baseTime int64)

Set a base time to subtract from supplied histogram start/end timestamps when logging based on histogram timestamps. baseTime is expected to be in msec since the epoch, as histogram start/end times are typically stamped with absolute times in msec since the epoch.

type Snapshot

type Snapshot struct {
	LowestTrackableValue  int64
	HighestTrackableValue int64
	SignificantFigures    int64
	Counts                []int64
}

A Snapshot is an exported view of a Histogram, useful for serializing them. A Histogram can be constructed from it by passing it to Import.

type WindowedHistogram

type WindowedHistogram struct {
	Current *Histogram
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

A WindowedHistogram combines histograms to provide windowed statistics.

func NewWindowed

func NewWindowed(n int, minValue, maxValue int64, sigfigs int) *WindowedHistogram

NewWindowed creates a new WindowedHistogram with N underlying histograms with the given parameters.

func (*WindowedHistogram) Merge

func (w *WindowedHistogram) Merge() *Histogram

Merge returns a histogram which includes the recorded values from all the sections of the window.

func (*WindowedHistogram) Rotate

func (w *WindowedHistogram) Rotate()

Rotate resets the oldest histogram and rotates it to be used as the current histogram.

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