README
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Consensus
Disclaimer: the consensus package in coreth is a complete misnomer.
The consensus package in go-ethereum handles block validation and specifically handles validating the PoW portion of consensus - thus the name.
Since AvalancheGo handles consensus for Coreth, Coreth is just the VM, but we keep the consensus package in place to handle part of the block verification process.
Block Verification
The dummy consensus engine is responsible for performing verification on the header of a block. The engine verifies that all of the fields of the header are correct.
Dynamic Fees
As of Apricot Phase 3, the C-Chain includes a dynamic fee algorithm based off of (EIP-1559)[https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1559]. This introduces a field to the block type called BaseFee. The Base Fee sets a minimum gas price for any transaction to be included in the block. For example, a transaction with a gas price of 49 gwei, will be invalid to include in a block with a base fee of 50 gwei.
The dynamic fee algorithm aims to adjust the base fee to handle network congestion. Coreth sets a target utilization on the network, and the dynamic fee algorithm adjusts the base fee accordingly. If the network operates above the target utilization, the dynamic fee algorithm will increase the base fee to make utilizing he network more expensive and bring overall utilization down. If the network operates below the target utilization, the dynamic fee algorithm will decrease the base fee to make it cheaper to use the network.
- EIP-1559 is intended for Ethereum where a block is produced roughly every 10s
- C-Chain typically produces blocks every 2 seconds, but the dynamic fee algorithm needs to handle the case that the network quiesces and there are no blocks for a long period of time
- Since C-Chain produces blocks at a different cadence, it adapts EIP-1559 to sum the amount of gas consumed within a 10 second interval instead of using only the amount of gas consumed in the parent block
Consensus Engine Callbacks
The consensus engine is called while blocks are being both built and processed and Coreth adds callback functions into the dummy consensus engine to insert its own logic into these stages.
FinalizeAndAssemble
The FinalizeAndAssemble callback is used as the final step in building a block within the miner package. Coreth adds a callback function within FinalizeAndAssemble in order to process atomic transactions.
Finalize
Finalize is called as the final step in processing a block here. Finalize adds a callback function in order to process atomic transactions as well. Since either Finalize or FinalizeAndAssemble are called, but not both, when building or verifying/processing a block they need to perform the exact same processing/verification step to ensure that a block produced by the miner where FinalizeAndAssemble is called will be processed and verified in the same way when Finalize gets called.
Documentation
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Index ¶
- Variables
- func CalcBaseFee(config *params.ChainConfig, parent *types.Header, timestamp uint64) ([]byte, *big.Int, error)
- func EstimateNextBaseFee(config *params.ChainConfig, parent *types.Header, timestamp uint64) ([]byte, *big.Int, error)
- func MinRequiredTip(config *params.ChainConfig, header *types.Header) (*big.Int, error)
- type ConsensusCallbacks
- type DummyEngine
- func (self *DummyEngine) Author(header *types.Header) (common.Address, error)
- func (self *DummyEngine) CalcDifficulty(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, time uint64, parent *types.Header) *big.Int
- func (self *DummyEngine) Close() error
- func (self *DummyEngine) Finalize(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, block *types.Block, parent *types.Header, ...) error
- func (self *DummyEngine) FinalizeAndAssemble(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header, parent *types.Header, ...) (*types.Block, error)
- func (self *DummyEngine) Prepare(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header) error
- func (self *DummyEngine) VerifyHeader(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header) error
- func (self *DummyEngine) VerifyUncles(chain consensus.ChainReader, block *types.Block) error
- type Mode
- type OnAPIsCallbackType
- type OnExtraStateChangeType
- type OnFinalizeAndAssembleCallbackType
Constants ¶
This section is empty.
Variables ¶
var ( ApricotPhase3MinBaseFee = big.NewInt(params.ApricotPhase3MinBaseFee) ApricotPhase3MaxBaseFee = big.NewInt(params.ApricotPhase3MaxBaseFee) ApricotPhase4MinBaseFee = big.NewInt(params.ApricotPhase4MinBaseFee) ApricotPhase4MaxBaseFee = big.NewInt(params.ApricotPhase4MaxBaseFee) ApricotPhase4BaseFeeChangeDenominator = new(big.Int).SetUint64(params.ApricotPhase4BaseFeeChangeDenominator) ApricotPhase5BaseFeeChangeDenominator = new(big.Int).SetUint64(params.ApricotPhase5BaseFeeChangeDenominator) ApricotPhase3BlockGasFee uint64 = 1_000_000 ApricotPhase4MinBlockGasCost = new(big.Int).Set(common.Big0) ApricotPhase4MaxBlockGasCost = big.NewInt(1_000_000) ApricotPhase4BlockGasCostStep = big.NewInt(50_000) ApricotPhase4TargetBlockRate uint64 = 2 // in seconds ApricotPhase5BlockGasCostStep = big.NewInt(200_000) )
Functions ¶
func CalcBaseFee ¶ added in v0.8.13
func CalcBaseFee(config *params.ChainConfig, parent *types.Header, timestamp uint64) ([]byte, *big.Int, error)
CalcBaseFee takes the previous header and the timestamp of its child block and calculates the expected base fee as well as the encoding of the past pricing information for the child block. CalcBaseFee should only be called if [timestamp] >= [config.ApricotPhase3Timestamp]
func EstimateNextBaseFee ¶ added in v0.8.13
func EstimateNextBaseFee(config *params.ChainConfig, parent *types.Header, timestamp uint64) ([]byte, *big.Int, error)
EstiamteNextBaseFee attempts to estimate the next base fee based on a block with [parent] being built at [timestamp]. If [timestamp] is less than the timestamp of [parent], then it uses the same timestamp as parent. Warning: This function should only be used in estimation and should not be used when calculating the canonical base fee for a subsequent block.
func MinRequiredTip ¶ added in v0.8.13
MinRequiredTip is the estimated minimum tip a transaction would have needed to pay to be included in a given block (assuming it paid a tip proportional to its gas usage). In reality, there is no minimum tip that is enforced by the consensus engine and high tip paying transactions can subsidize the inclusion of low tip paying transactions. The only correctness check performed is that the sum of all tips is >= the required block fee.
This function will return nil for all return values prior to Apricot Phase 4.
Types ¶
type ConsensusCallbacks ¶
type ConsensusCallbacks struct {
OnFinalizeAndAssemble OnFinalizeAndAssembleCallbackType
OnExtraStateChange OnExtraStateChangeType
}
type DummyEngine ¶
type DummyEngine struct {
// contains filtered or unexported fields
}
func NewComplexETHFaker ¶ added in v0.8.13
func NewComplexETHFaker(cb *ConsensusCallbacks) *DummyEngine
func NewDummyEngine ¶
func NewDummyEngine(cb *ConsensusCallbacks) *DummyEngine
func NewETHFaker ¶ added in v0.8.13
func NewETHFaker() *DummyEngine
func NewFaker ¶ added in v0.8.13
func NewFaker() *DummyEngine
func NewFullFaker ¶ added in v0.8.13
func NewFullFaker() *DummyEngine
func (*DummyEngine) CalcDifficulty ¶
func (self *DummyEngine) CalcDifficulty(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, time uint64, parent *types.Header) *big.Int
func (*DummyEngine) Close ¶
func (self *DummyEngine) Close() error
func (*DummyEngine) FinalizeAndAssemble ¶
func (*DummyEngine) Prepare ¶
func (self *DummyEngine) Prepare(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header) error
func (*DummyEngine) VerifyHeader ¶
func (self *DummyEngine) VerifyHeader(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header) error
func (*DummyEngine) VerifyUncles ¶
func (self *DummyEngine) VerifyUncles(chain consensus.ChainReader, block *types.Block) error
type OnAPIsCallbackType ¶
type OnAPIsCallbackType = func(consensus.ChainHeaderReader) []rpc.API
Source Files