gohealth

❗ This is a fork from GoHealth

gohealth

Monitoring is an important function for monitoring and observing Application Program Interfaces (APIs). This project creates a series of endpoints which may be used to instrument and monitor a Go-based API.

This project is inspired by spring-boot-actuator and go-actuator.

Quickstart

To use this library, install the go module:

go get github.com/manuelarte/gohealth

After the module has been installed, import the handler into your framework. The actuator endpoint implements the standard Go handler function as prescribed by the http.HandlerFunc in the net/http library.

HTTP Package

handler := actuator.GetHandler(&actuator.Config{})
http.Handle("/actuator/", handler)

Gin Handler

handler := actuator.GetHandler(&actuator.Config{})
router := gin.Default()
router.Get("/actuator/*endpoint", func(ctx *gin.Context) {
    handler(ctx.Writer, ctx.Request)
})

Additional Frameworks

For additional frameworks, please fill out a documentation request in the repo's issues section. I'm only familiar with net/http and gin-gonic at the moment.

Configuration

This package exposes a configuration in the form of the actuator.Configuration structure. The configuration enables developers to change the endpoints that goctuator exposes. A developer may also supply custom health checkers to the API to enable the /health endpoint to report the status on more services (i.e. a database connection)

config := &actuator.Configuration{
    Endpoints: []actuator.Endpoint{
        actuator.ENV,
        actuator.INFO,
        actuator.THREADDUMP,
        actuator.HEALTH,
        actuator.METRICS,
        actuator.SHUTDOWN,
    },
    HealthCheckers: []health.HealthChecker{
        health.PingChecker{},
        health.DiskStatusChecker{},
        // Add additional custom health checkers
    }
}

If no Endpoints or HealthCheckers are provided, the actuator will be configured to use all of the default built-in endpoints and health status checkers.

Endpoints

/Env

This endpoint exposes the runtime environment variables as a series of key-value pairs

{
  "key_1": "value1",
  "key_2": "value2",
  "key_3": "value3",
  "key_4": "value4"
}

/shutdown

When a call is made to /actuator/shutdown the current running process (in this case, your API) will terminate with an exit status of 0

/metrics

Metrics displays all a JSON-encoded snapshot of the memory statistics at the time that the request was received. This endpoint relies on the runtime.ReadMemStats() function to gather the requested information

{
    "alloc": 969240,
    "total_alloc": 969240,
    "sys": 10700041,
    "lookups": 0,
    "mallocs": 6645,
    "frees": 218,
    "heap_alloc": 969240,
    "heap_sys": 3702784,
    "heap_idle": 1490944,
    "heap_inuse": 2211840,
    "heap_released": 1392640,
    "heap_objects": 6427,
    "stack_inuse": 491520,
    "stack_sys": 491520,
    "m_span_inuse": 46512,
    "m_span_sys": 48960,
    "m_cache_in_use": 19200,
    "m_cache_sys": 31200,
    "buck_hash_sys": 1445238,
    "gc_sys": 3992984,
    "other_sys": 987354,
    "next_gc": 4194304,
    "last_gc": 0,
    "pause_total_ns": 0,
    "pause_ns": [0],
    "pause_end": [0],
    "num_gc": 0,
    "num_forced_gc": 0,
    "gc_cpu_fraction": 0,
    "enable_gc": true,
    "debug_gc": false,
    "BySize": [
        {
            "size": 0,
            "mallocs": 0,
            "frees": 0
        }
    ]
}

/threaddump

Thread dump displays a snapshot of the current thread at the time the request was received. This endpoint leverages pprof.Lookup to gather information from the goroutine profile.

oroutine profile: total 1
1 @ 0x10ad368 0x10ad170 0x10a9bd4 0x10b3ee5 0x102a407 0x1052dc1
#       0x10ad367       runtime/pprof.writeRuntimeProfile+0x97  /usr/local/go/src/runtime/pprof/pprof.go:707
#       0x10ad16f       runtime/pprof.writeGoroutine+0x9f       /usr/local/go/src/runtime/pprof/pprof.go:669
#       0x10a9bd3       runtime/pprof.(*Profile).WriteTo+0x3e3  /usr/local/go/src/runtime/pprof/pprof.go:328
#       0x10b3ee4       main.main+0x64                          /Users/inanc/go/src/github.com/inancgumus/main.go:9
#       0x102a406       runtime.main+0x206                      /usr/local/go/src/runtime/proc.go:201

/info

This endpoint exposes compile-time information about the API binary

{
  "app": {
    "name": "my-app",
    "description": "A test API application which uses actuators",
    "version": "v1.0.0"
  },
  "git": {
    "commit_author": "John Doe <jdoe@example.com>",
    "commit_id": "",
    "commit_time": "",
    "build_time": "",
    "branch": "main",
    "url": "https://github.com/manuelarte/example-api"
  },
  "runtime": {
    "arch": "x86_64",
    "os": "darwin",
    "version": "go1.17"
  }
}

Updating the /info Endpoint

The variables for the /info endpoint are expected to be set at compile-time when you build your application. Variables are set with ldflags.

go build -ldflags="-X github.com/manuelarte/gohealth/pkg/info.AppName=${appName} <other flags>"

The /info endpoint utilizes the following variables:

/health

The health endpoint displays the running health of the application and any supporting services (i.e. database connections)

This endpoint was inspired by the spring-boot-actuator project. Responses to /health are in the following shape:

{
  "status": "UP",
  "components": {
    "diskspace": {
      "status": "UP",
      "details": {
        "all": "",
        "used": "",
        "free": "",
        "available": ""
      }
    },
    "ping": {
      "status": "UP"
    }
  }
}

If any services are DOWN the top-level status will display DOWN and the endpoint will respond with a status code 503.

Writing Your Own Health Checks

The pkg/health package is designed in a way that health checks can be extended. To create your own health check implement the HealthChecker interface. The following example below demonstrates how to implement an OpenSearch health checker:

type OpensearchHealthChecker struct {
    Client *opensearch.Client
}

func (checker *OpensearchHealthChecker) CheckHealth() health.HealthCheckerResponse {
    res, err := checker.Client.Cluster.Health()
    // prepare the healthcheck response
}

The health checker would then be added in when you want to generate the actuator handler

config := &actuator.Config{
    HealthCheckers: []health.HealthChecker{
        &health.PingChecker{},
        &health.DiskChecker{}
        &OpensearchHealthChecker{},
    }
    handler := actuator.GetHandler(&config)
}

References

• Spring Boot Actuator Reference - https://www.baeldung.com/spring-boot-actuators
• go-actuator - https://github.com/sinhashubham95/go-actuator
• threadump - https://forum.golangbridge.org/t/how-to-take-thread-dump-in-golang/11417/4
• MemStats - https://pkg.go.dev/runtime#MemStats
• Read Mem Stats - https://pkg.go.dev/runtime#ReadMemStats
• Disk Usage - https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20108520/get-amount-of-free-disk-space-using-go
• Using ldflags - https://www.stackovercloud.com/2019/10/25/using-ldflags-to-set-version-information-for-go-applications/#:~:text=As%20mentioned%20before%2C%20ldflags%20stands%20for%20linker%20flags%2C,that%20runs%20as%20a%20part%20of%20go%20build.