truechain

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Published: Oct 14, 2020 License: GPL-3.0 Imports: 5 Imported by: 0

README

UpsChain Engineering Code

UpsChain is a truly fast, permissionless, secure and scalable public blockchain platform which is supported by hybrid consensus technology called Minerva and a global developer community.    UpsChain uses hybrid consensus combining PBFT and fPoW to solve the biggest problem confronting public blockchain: the contradiction between decentralization and efficiency.

UpsChain uses PBFT as fast-chain to process transactions, and leave the oversight and election of PBFT to the hands of PoW nodes. Besides, UpsChain integrates fruitchain technology into the traditional PoW protocol to become fPoW, to make the chain even more decentralized and fair.

UpsChain also creates a hybrid consensus incentive model and a stable gas fee mechanism to lower the cost for the developers and operators of DApps, and provide better infrastructure for decentralized eco-system. 

Building the source

Building gups requires both a Go (version 1.9 or later) and a C compiler. You can install them using your favourite package manager. Once the dependencies are installed, run

make gups

or, to build the full suite of utilities:

make all

The execuable command gups will be found in the cmd directory.

Running gups

Going through all the possible command line flags is out of scope here (please consult our CLI Wiki page), also you can quickly run your own gups instance with a few common parameter combos.

Running on the Upschain main network

$ gups console

This command will:

  • Start gups with network ID 19330 in full node mode(default, can be changed with the --syncmode flag after version 1.1).
  • Start up Getrue's built-in interactive console, (via the trailing console subcommand) through which you can invoke all official web3 methods as well as Geth's own management APIs. This too is optional and if you leave it out you can always attach to an already running Getrue instance with gups attach.

Running on the Upschain test network

To test your contracts, you can join the test network with your node.

$ gups --testnet console

The console subcommand has the exact same meaning as above and they are equally useful on the testnet too. Please see above for their explanations if you've skipped here.

Specifying the --testnet flag, however, will reconfigure your Geth instance a bit:

  • Test network uses different network ID 18928
  • Instead of connecting the main UpsChain network, the client will connect to the test network, which uses testnet P2P bootnodes, and genesis states.

Configuration

As an alternative to passing the numerous flags to the gups binary, you can also pass a configuration file via:

$ gups --config /path/to/your_config.toml

To get an idea how the file should look like you can use the dumpconfig subcommand to export your existing configuration:

$ gups --your-favourite-flags dumpconfig

Running on the Upschain singlenode(private) network

To start a gups instance for single node, run it with these flags:

$ gups --singlenode  console

Specifying the --singlenode flag, however, will reconfigure your Geth instance a bit:

  • singlenode network uses different network ID 400
  • Instead of connecting the main or test UpsChain network, the client has no peers, and generate fast block without committee.

Which will start sending transactions periodly to this node and mining fruits and snail blocks.

Documentation

Index

Constants

This section is empty.

Variables

View Source
var NotFound = errors.New("not found")

NotFound is returned by API methods if the requested item does not exist.

Functions

This section is empty.

Types

type CallMsg

type CallMsg struct {
	From     common.Address  // the sender of the 'transaction'
	To       *common.Address // the destination contract (nil for contract creation)
	Payment  common.Address
	Gas      uint64   // if 0, the call executes with near-infinite gas
	GasPrice *big.Int // wei <-> gas exchange ratio
	Value    *big.Int // amount of wei sent along with the call
	Fee      *big.Int // amount of wei sent along with the call
	Data     []byte   // input data, usually an ABI-encoded contract method invocation
}

CallMsg contains parameters for contract calls.

type ChainReader

type ChainReader interface {
	BlockByHash(ctx context.Context, hash common.Hash) (*types.Block, error)
	BlockByNumber(ctx context.Context, number *big.Int) (*types.Block, error)
	HeaderByHash(ctx context.Context, hash common.Hash) (*types.Header, error)
	HeaderByNumber(ctx context.Context, number *big.Int) (*types.Header, error)
	TransactionCount(ctx context.Context, blockHash common.Hash) (uint, error)
	TransactionInBlock(ctx context.Context, blockHash common.Hash, index uint) (*types.Transaction, error)

	// This method subscribes to notifications about changes of the head block of
	// the canonical chain.
	SubscribeNewHead(ctx context.Context, ch chan<- *types.Header) (Subscription, error)
}

ChainReader provides access to the blockchain. The methods in this interface access raw data from either the canonical chain (when requesting by block number) or any blockchain fork that was previously downloaded and processed by the node. The block number argument can be nil to select the latest canonical block. Reading block headers should be preferred over full blocks whenever possible.

The returned error is NotFound if the requested item does not exist.

type ChainStateReader

type ChainStateReader interface {
	BalanceAt(ctx context.Context, account common.Address, blockNumber *big.Int) (*big.Int, error)
	StorageAt(ctx context.Context, account common.Address, key common.Hash, blockNumber *big.Int) ([]byte, error)
	CodeAt(ctx context.Context, account common.Address, blockNumber *big.Int) ([]byte, error)
	NonceAt(ctx context.Context, account common.Address, blockNumber *big.Int) (uint64, error)
}

ChainStateReader wraps access to the state trie of the canonical blockchain. Note that implementations of the interface may be unable to return state values for old blocks. In many cases, using CallContract can be preferable to reading raw contract storage.

type ChainSyncReader

type ChainSyncReader interface {
	SyncProgress(ctx context.Context) (*SyncProgress, error)
}

ChainSyncReader wraps access to the node's current sync status. If there's no sync currently running, it returns nil.

type ContractCaller

type ContractCaller interface {
	CallContract(ctx context.Context, call CallMsg, blockNumber *big.Int) ([]byte, error)
}

A ContractCaller provides contract calls, essentially transactions that are executed by the EVM but not mined into the blockchain. ContractCall is a low-level method to execute such calls. For applications which are structured around specific contracts, the abigen tool provides a nicer, properly typed way to perform calls.

type FilterQuery

type FilterQuery struct {
	BlockHash *common.Hash     // used by eth_getLogs, return logs only from block with this hash
	FromBlock *big.Int         // beginning of the queried range, nil means genesis block
	ToBlock   *big.Int         // end of the range, nil means latest block
	Addresses []common.Address // restricts matches to events created by specific contracts

	// The Topic list restricts matches to particular event topics. Each event has a list
	// of topics. Topics matches a prefix of that list. An empty element slice matches any
	// topic. Non-empty elements represent an alternative that matches any of the
	// contained topics.
	//
	// Examples:
	// {} or nil          matches any topic list
	// {{A}}              matches topic A in first position
	// {{}, {B}}          matches any topic in first position AND B in second position
	// {{A}, {B}}         matches topic A in first position AND B in second position
	// {{A, B}, {C, D}}   matches topic (A OR B) in first position AND (C OR D) in second position
	Topics [][]common.Hash
}

FilterQuery contains options for contract log filtering.

type GasEstimator

type GasEstimator interface {
	EstimateGas(ctx context.Context, call CallMsg) (uint64, error)
}

GasEstimator wraps EstimateGas, which tries to estimate the gas needed to execute a specific transaction based on the pending state. There is no guarantee that this is the true gas limit requirement as other transactions may be added or removed by miners, but it should provide a basis for setting a reasonable default.

type GasPricer

type GasPricer interface {
	SuggestGasPrice(ctx context.Context) (*big.Int, error)
}

GasPricer wraps the gas price oracle, which monitors the blockchain to determine the optimal gas price given current fee market conditions.

type LogFilterer

type LogFilterer interface {
	FilterLogs(ctx context.Context, q FilterQuery) ([]types.Log, error)
	SubscribeFilterLogs(ctx context.Context, q FilterQuery, ch chan<- types.Log) (Subscription, error)
}

LogFilterer provides access to contract log events using a one-off query or continuous event subscription.

Logs received through a streaming query subscription may have Removed set to true, indicating that the log was reverted due to a chain reorganisation.

type PendingContractCaller

type PendingContractCaller interface {
	PendingCallContract(ctx context.Context, call CallMsg) ([]byte, error)
}

PendingContractCaller can be used to perform calls against the pending state.

type PendingStateEventer

type PendingStateEventer interface {
	SubscribePendingTransactions(ctx context.Context, ch chan<- *types.Transaction) (Subscription, error)
}

A PendingStateEventer provides access to real time notifications about changes to the pending state.

type PendingStateReader

type PendingStateReader interface {
	PendingBalanceAt(ctx context.Context, account common.Address) (*big.Int, error)
	PendingStorageAt(ctx context.Context, account common.Address, key common.Hash) ([]byte, error)
	PendingCodeAt(ctx context.Context, account common.Address) ([]byte, error)
	PendingNonceAt(ctx context.Context, account common.Address) (uint64, error)
	PendingTransactionCount(ctx context.Context) (uint, error)
}

A PendingStateReader provides access to the pending state, which is the result of all known executable transactions which have not yet been included in the blockchain. It is commonly used to display the result of ’unconfirmed’ actions (e.g. wallet value transfers) initiated by the user. The PendingNonceAt operation is a good way to retrieve the next available transaction nonce for a specific account.

type Subscription

type Subscription interface {
	// Unsubscribe cancels the sending of events to the data channel
	// and closes the error channel.
	Unsubscribe()
	// Err returns the subscription error channel. The error channel receives
	// a value if there is an issue with the subscription (e.g. the network connection
	// delivering the events has been closed). Only one value will ever be sent.
	// The error channel is closed by Unsubscribe.
	Err() <-chan error
}

Subscription represents an event subscription where events are delivered on a data channel.

type SyncProgress

type SyncProgress struct {
	StartingBlock uint64 // Snail Block number where sync began
	CurrentBlock  uint64 // Current block number where sync is at
	HighestBlock  uint64 // Highest alleged block number in the chain
	PulledStates  uint64 // Number of state trie entries already downloaded
	KnownStates   uint64 // Total number of state trie entries known about
}

SyncProgress gives progress indications when the node is synchronising with the Upschain network.

type TransactionReader

type TransactionReader interface {
	// TransactionByHash checks the pool of pending transactions in addition to the
	// blockchain. The isPending return value indicates whether the transaction has been
	// mined yet. Note that the transaction may not be part of the canonical chain even if
	// it's not pending.
	TransactionByHash(ctx context.Context, txHash common.Hash) (tx *types.Transaction, isPending bool, err error)
	// TransactionReceipt returns the receipt of a mined transaction. Note that the
	// transaction may not be included in the current canonical chain even if a receipt
	// exists.
	TransactionReceipt(ctx context.Context, txHash common.Hash) (*types.Receipt, error)
}

TransactionReader provides access to past transactions and their receipts. Implementations may impose arbitrary restrictions on the transactions and receipts that can be retrieved. Historic transactions may not be available.

Avoid relying on this interface if possible. Contract logs (through the LogFilterer interface) are more reliable and usually safer in the presence of chain reorganisations.

The returned error is NotFound if the requested item does not exist.

type TransactionSender

type TransactionSender interface {
	SendTransaction(ctx context.Context, tx *types.Transaction) error
}

TransactionSender wraps transaction sending. The SendTransaction method injects a signed transaction into the pending transaction pool for execution. If the transaction was a contract creation, the TransactionReceipt method can be used to retrieve the contract address after the transaction has been mined.

The transaction must be signed and have a valid nonce to be included. Consumers of the API can use package accounts to maintain local private keys and need can retrieve the next available nonce using PendingNonceAt.

Directories

Path Synopsis
Package accounts implements high level Ethereum account management.
Package accounts implements high level Ethereum account management.
abi
Package abi implements the Ethereum ABI (Application Binary Interface).
Package abi implements the Ethereum ABI (Application Binary Interface).
abi/bind
Package bind generates Ethereum contract Go bindings.
Package bind generates Ethereum contract Go bindings.
keystore
Package keystore implements encrypted storage of secp256k1 private keys.
Package keystore implements encrypted storage of secp256k1 private keys.
usbwallet
Package usbwallet implements support for USB hardware wallets.
Package usbwallet implements support for USB hardware wallets.
usbwallet/internal/trezor
Package trezor contains the wire protocol wrapper in Go.
Package trezor contains the wire protocol wrapper in Go.
The ci command is called from Continuous Integration scripts.
The ci command is called from Continuous Integration scripts.
cmd
bootnode
bootnode runs a bootstrap node for the UpsChain Discovery Protocol.
bootnode runs a bootstrap node for the UpsChain Discovery Protocol.
gups
gups is the official command-line client for Upschain.
gups is the official command-line client for Upschain.
internal/browser
Package browser provides utilities for interacting with users' browsers.
Package browser provides utilities for interacting with users' browsers.
p2psim
p2psim provides a command-line client for a simulation HTTP API.
p2psim provides a command-line client for a simulation HTTP API.
utils
Package utils contains internal helper functions for ups commands.
Package utils contains internal helper functions for ups commands.
Package common contains various helper functions.
Package common contains various helper functions.
bitutil
Package bitutil implements fast bitwise operations.
Package bitutil implements fast bitwise operations.
compiler
Package compiler wraps the Solidity compiler executable (solc).
Package compiler wraps the Solidity compiler executable (solc).
hexutil
Package hexutil implements hex encoding with 0x prefix.
Package hexutil implements hex encoding with 0x prefix.
math
Package math provides integer math utilities.
Package math provides integer math utilities.
mclock
Package mclock is a wrapper for a monotonic clock source
Package mclock is a wrapper for a monotonic clock source
prque
Package prque implements a priority queue data structure supporting arbitrary value types and int64 priorities.
Package prque implements a priority queue data structure supporting arbitrary value types and int64 priorities.
Package consensus implements different Ethereum consensus engines.
Package consensus implements different Ethereum consensus engines.
minerva
Package minerva implements the truechain hybrid consensus engine.
Package minerva implements the truechain hybrid consensus engine.
tbft/help/flowrate
Package flowrate provides the tools for monitoring and limiting the flow rate of an arbitrary data stream.
Package flowrate provides the tools for monitoring and limiting the flow rate of an arbitrary data stream.
tbft/tp2p/upnp
Taken from taipei-torrent.
Taken from taipei-torrent.
contracts
chequebook
Package chequebook package wraps the 'chequebook' Ethereum smart contract.
Package chequebook package wraps the 'chequebook' Ethereum smart contract.
ens
Package core implements the Ethereum consensus protocol.
Package core implements the Ethereum consensus protocol.
asm
Provides support for dealing with EVM assembly instructions (e.g., disassembling them).
Provides support for dealing with EVM assembly instructions (e.g., disassembling them).
bloombits
Package bloombits implements bloom filtering on batches of data.
Package bloombits implements bloom filtering on batches of data.
forkid
Package forkid implements EIP-2124 (https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2124).
Package forkid implements EIP-2124 (https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2124).
rawdb
Package rawdb contains a collection of low level database accessors.
Package rawdb contains a collection of low level database accessors.
state
Package state provides a caching layer atop the Ethereum state trie.
Package state provides a caching layer atop the Ethereum state trie.
types
Package types contains data types related to truechain consensus.
Package types contains data types related to truechain consensus.
vm
Package vm implements the Ethereum Virtual Machine.
Package vm implements the Ethereum Virtual Machine.
vm/runtime
Package runtime provides a basic execution model for executing EVM code.
Package runtime provides a basic execution model for executing EVM code.
blake2b
Package blake2b implements the BLAKE2b hash algorithm defined by RFC 7693 and the extendable output function (XOF) BLAKE2Xb.
Package blake2b implements the BLAKE2b hash algorithm defined by RFC 7693 and the extendable output function (XOF) BLAKE2Xb.
bn256
Package bn256 implements the Optimal Ate pairing over a 256-bit Barreto-Naehrig curve.
Package bn256 implements the Optimal Ate pairing over a 256-bit Barreto-Naehrig curve.
bn256/cloudflare
Package bn256 implements a particular bilinear group at the 128-bit security level.
Package bn256 implements a particular bilinear group at the 128-bit security level.
bn256/google
Package bn256 implements a particular bilinear group.
Package bn256 implements a particular bilinear group.
secp256k1
Package secp256k1 wraps the bitcoin secp256k1 C library.
Package secp256k1 wraps the bitcoin secp256k1 C library.
Package event deals with subscriptions to real-time events.
Package event deals with subscriptions to real-time events.
filter
Package filter implements event filters.
Package filter implements event filters.
internal
debug
Package debug interfaces Go runtime debugging facilities.
Package debug interfaces Go runtime debugging facilities.
guide
Package guide is a small test suite to ensure snippets in the dev guide work.
Package guide is a small test suite to ensure snippets in the dev guide work.
jsre
Package jsre provides execution environment for JavaScript.
Package jsre provides execution environment for JavaScript.
jsre/deps
Package deps contains the console JavaScript dependencies Go embedded.
Package deps contains the console JavaScript dependencies Go embedded.
upsapi
Package ethapi implements the general True API functions.
Package ethapi implements the general True API functions.
web3ext
package web3ext contains gups specific web3.js extensions.
package web3ext contains gups specific web3.js extensions.
Package log15 provides an opinionated, simple toolkit for best-practice logging that is both human and machine readable.
Package log15 provides an opinionated, simple toolkit for best-practice logging that is both human and machine readable.
Go port of Coda Hale's Metrics library
Go port of Coda Hale's Metrics library
exp
Hook go-metrics into expvar on any /debug/metrics request, load all vars from the registry into expvar, and execute regular expvar handler
Hook go-metrics into expvar on any /debug/metrics request, load all vars from the registry into expvar, and execute regular expvar handler
Package node sets up multi-protocol Ethereum nodes.
Package node sets up multi-protocol Ethereum nodes.
p2p
Package p2p implements the Upschain p2p network protocols.
Package p2p implements the Upschain p2p network protocols.
discover
Package discover implements the Node Discovery Protocol.
Package discover implements the Node Discovery Protocol.
discv5
Package discv5 implements the RLPx v5 Topic Discovery Protocol.
Package discv5 implements the RLPx v5 Topic Discovery Protocol.
enr
Package enr implements Ethereum Node Records as defined in EIP-778.
Package enr implements Ethereum Node Records as defined in EIP-778.
nat
Package nat provides access to common network port mapping protocols.
Package nat provides access to common network port mapping protocols.
netutil
Package netutil contains extensions to the net package.
Package netutil contains extensions to the net package.
protocols
Package protocols is an extension to p2p.
Package protocols is an extension to p2p.
simulations
Package simulations simulates p2p networks.
Package simulations simulates p2p networks.
Package rlp implements the RLP serialization format.
Package rlp implements the RLP serialization format.
Package rpc provides access to the exported methods of an object across a network or other I/O connection.
Package rpc provides access to the exported methods of an object across a network or other I/O connection.
ssh
signer
rules/deps
Package deps contains the console JavaScript dependencies Go embedded.
Package deps contains the console JavaScript dependencies Go embedded.
Package tests implements execution of Ethereum JSON tests.
Package tests implements execution of Ethereum JSON tests.
Package trie implements Merkle Patricia Tries.
Package trie implements Merkle Patricia Tries.
ups
Package ups implements the Upschain protocol.
Package ups implements the Upschain protocol.
downloader
Package downloader contains the manual full chain synchronisation.
Package downloader contains the manual full chain synchronisation.
fetcher
Package fetcher contains the announcement based blocks or transaction synchronisation.
Package fetcher contains the announcement based blocks or transaction synchronisation.
filters
Package filters implements an ethereum filtering system for block, transactions and log events.
Package filters implements an ethereum filtering system for block, transactions and log events.
tracers
Package tracers is a collection of JavaScript transaction tracers.
Package tracers is a collection of JavaScript transaction tracers.
tracers/internal/tracers
Package tracers contains the actual JavaScript tracer assets.
Package tracers contains the actual JavaScript tracer assets.
Package common contains various helper functions.
Package common contains various helper functions.
Package upsstats implements the network stats reporting service.
Package upsstats implements the network stats reporting service.

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