Documentation
¶
Overview ¶
Package qml offers graphical QML application support for the Go language.
Attention ¶
This package is in an alpha stage, and still in heavy development. APIs may change, and things may break.
At this time contributors and developers that are interested in tracking the development closely are encouraged to use it. If you'd prefer a more stable release, please hold on a bit and subscribe to the mailing list for news. It's in a pretty good state, so it shall not take too long.
See http://github.com/go-qml/qml for details.
Introduction ¶
The qml package enables Go programs to display and manipulate graphical content using Qt's QML framework. QML uses a declarative language to express structure and style, and supports JavaScript for in-place manipulation of the described content. When using the Go qml package, such QML content can also interact with Go values, making use of its exported fields and methods, and even explicitly creating new instances of registered Go types.
A simple Go application that integrates with QML may perform the following steps for offering a graphical interface:
- Initialize the qml package (see Init)
- Create an engine for loading and running QML content (see NewEngine)
- Make Go values and types available to QML (see Context.SetVar and RegisterType)
- Load QML content (see Engine.LoadString and Engine.LoadFile)
- Create a new window for the content (see Component.CreateWindow)
- Show the window and wait for it to be closed (see Window.Show and Window.Wait)
Some of these topics are covered below, and may also be observed in practice in the following examples:
https://github.com/go-qml/qml/tree/master/examples
Handling QML objects in Go ¶
Any QML object may be manipulated by Go via the Object interface. That interface is implemented both by dynamic QML values obtained from a running engine, and by Go types in the qml package that represent QML values, such as Window, Context, and Engine.
For example, the following logic creates a window and prints its width whenever it's made visible:
win := component.CreateWindow(nil) win.On("visibleChanged", func(visible bool) { if (visible) { fmt.Println("Width:", win.Int("width")) } })
Information about the methods, properties, and signals that are available for QML objects may be obtained in the Qt documentation. As a reference, the "visibleChanged" signal and the "width" property used in the example above are described at:
http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-5.0/qtgui/qwindow.html
When in doubt about what type is being manipulated, the Object.TypeName method provides the type name of the underlying value.
Publishing Go values to QML ¶
The simplest way of making a Go value available to QML code is setting it as a variable of the engine's root context, as in:
context := engine.Context() context.SetVar("person", &Person{Name: "Ale"})
This logic would enable the following QML code to successfully run:
import QtQuick 2.0 Item { Component.onCompleted: console.log("Name is", person.name) }
Publishing Go types to QML ¶
While registering an individual Go value as described above is a quick way to get started, it is also fairly limited. For more flexibility, a Go type may be registered so that QML code can natively create new instances in an arbitrary position of the structure. This may be achieved via the RegisterType function, as the following example demonstrates:
qml.RegisterTypes("GoExtensions", 1, 0, []qml.TypeSpec{{ Init: func(p *Person, obj qml.Object) { p.Name = "<none>" }, }})
With this logic in place, QML code can create new instances of Person by itself:
import QtQuick 2.0 import GoExtensions 1.0 Item{ Person { id: person name: "Ale" } Component.onCompleted: console.log("Name is", person.name) }
Lowercasing of names ¶
Independently from the mechanism used to publish a Go value to QML code, its methods and fields are available to QML logic as methods and properties of the respective QML object representing it. As required by QML, though, the Go method and field names are lowercased according to the following scheme when being accesed from QML:
value.Name => value.name value.UPPERName => value.upperName value.UPPER => value.upper
Setters and getters ¶
While QML code can directly read and write exported fields of Go values, as described above, a Go type can also intercept writes to specific fields by declaring a setter method according to common Go conventions. This is often useful for updating the internal state or the visible content of a Go-defined type.
For example:
type Person struct { Name string } func (p *Person) SetName(name string) { fmt.Println("Old name is", p.Name) p.Name = name fmt.Println("New name is", p.Name) }
In the example above, whenever QML code attempts to update the Person.Name field via any means (direct assignment, object declarations, etc) the SetName method is invoked with the provided value instead.
A setter method may also be used in conjunction with a getter method rather than a real type field. A method is only considered a getter in the presence of the respective setter, and according to common Go conventions it must not have the Get prefix.
Inside QML logic, the getter and setter pair is seen as a single object property.
Painting ¶
Custom types implemented in Go may have displayable content by defining a Paint method such as:
func (p *Person) Paint(painter *qml.Painter) { // ... OpenGL calls with the gopkg.in/v0/qml/gl package ... }
A simple example is available at:
https://github.com/go-qml/qml/tree/master/examples/painting
Index ¶
- func Changed(value, fieldAddr interface{})
- func CollectStats(enabled bool)
- func Flush()
- func Init(options *InitOptions)
- func Lock()
- func RegisterConverter(typeName string, converter func(engine *Engine, obj Object) interface{})
- func RegisterTypes(location string, major, minor int, types []TypeSpec)
- func ResetStats()
- func RunMain(f func())
- func SetLogger(logger interface{})
- func Unlock()
- type Common
- func (obj *Common) Addr() uintptr
- func (obj *Common) Bool(property string) bool
- func (obj *Common) Call(method string, params ...interface{}) interface{}
- func (obj *Common) Color(property string) color.RGBA
- func (obj *Common) Common() *Common
- func (obj *Common) Create(ctx *Context) Object
- func (obj *Common) CreateWindow(ctx *Context) *Window
- func (obj *Common) Destroy()
- func (obj *Common) Float64(property string) float64
- func (obj *Common) Int(property string) int
- func (obj *Common) Int64(property string) int64
- func (obj *Common) Interface() interface{}
- func (obj *Common) List(property string) *List
- func (obj *Common) Map(property string) *Map
- func (obj *Common) Object(property string) Object
- func (obj *Common) ObjectByName(objectName string) Object
- func (obj *Common) On(signal string, function interface{})
- func (obj *Common) Property(name string) interface{}
- func (obj *Common) Set(property string, value interface{})
- func (obj *Common) String(property string) string
- func (obj *Common) TypeName() string
- type Context
- type Engine
- func (e *Engine) AddImageProvider(prvId string, f func(imgId string, width, height int) image.Image)
- func (e *Engine) Context() *Context
- func (e *Engine) Destroy()
- func (e *Engine) Load(location string, r io.Reader) (Object, error)
- func (e *Engine) LoadFile(path string) (Object, error)
- func (e *Engine) LoadString(location, qml string) (Object, error)
- type InitOptions
- type List
- type LogMessage
- type LogSeverity
- type Map
- type Object
- type Painter
- type QmlLogger
- type Statistics
- type StdLogger
- type TypeSpec
- type Window
Constants ¶
This section is empty.
Variables ¶
This section is empty.
Functions ¶
func Changed ¶
func Changed(value, fieldAddr interface{})
Changed notifies all QML bindings that the given field value has changed.
For example:
qml.Changed(&value, &value.Field)
func CollectStats ¶
func CollectStats(enabled bool)
func Init ¶
func Init(options *InitOptions)
Init initializes the qml package with the provided parameters. If the options parameter is nil, default options suitable for a normal graphic application will be used.
Init must be called only once, and before any other functionality from the qml package is used.
func Lock ¶
func Lock()
Lock freezes all QML activity by blocking the main event loop. Locking is necessary before updating shared data structures without race conditions.
It's safe to use qml functionality while holding a lock, as long as the requests made do not depend on follow up QML events to be processed before returning. If that happens, the problem will be observed as the application freezing.
The Lock function is reentrant. That means it may be called multiple times, and QML activities will only be resumed after Unlock is called a matching number of times.
func RegisterConverter ¶
RegisterConverter registers the convereter function to be called when a value with the provided type name is obtained from QML logic. The function must return the new value to be used in place of the original value.
func RegisterTypes ¶
RegisterTypes registers the provided list of type specifications for use by QML code. To access the registered types, they must be imported from the provided location and major.minor version numbers.
For example, with a location "GoExtensions", major 4, and minor 2, this statement imports all the registered types in the module's namespace:
import GoExtensions 4.2
See the documentation on QML import statements for details on these:
http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-5.0/qtqml/qtqml-syntax-imports.html
func ResetStats ¶
func ResetStats()
func RunMain ¶
func RunMain(f func())
RunMain runs f in the main QML thread and waits for f to return.
This is meant for extensions that integrate directly with the underlying QML logic.
func SetLogger ¶
func SetLogger(logger interface{})
SetLogger sets the target for messages logged by the qml package, including console.log and related calls from within qml code.
The logger value must implement either the StdLogger interface, which is satisfied by the standard *log.Logger type, or the QmlLogger interface, which offers more control over the logged message.
If no logger is provided, the qml package will send messages to the default log package logger. This behavior may also be restored by providing a nil logger to this function.
Types ¶
type Common ¶
type Common struct {
// contains filtered or unexported fields
}
Common implements the common behavior of all QML objects. It implements the Object interface.
func CommonOf ¶
CommonOf returns the Common QML value for the QObject at addr.
This is meant for extensions that integrate directly with the underlying QML logic.
func (*Common) Addr ¶
Addr returns the QML object address.
This is meant for extensions that integrate directly with the underlying QML logic.
func (*Common) Bool ¶
Bool returns the bool value of the named property. Bool panics if the property is not a bool.
func (*Common) Call ¶
Call calls the given object method with the provided parameters. Call panics if the method does not exist.
func (*Common) Color ¶
Color returns the RGBA value of the named property. Color panics if the property is not a color.
func (*Common) Common ¶
Common returns obj itself.
This provides access to the underlying *Common for types that embed it, when these are used via the Object interface.
func (*Common) Create ¶
Create creates a new instance of the component held by obj. The component instance runs under the ctx context. If ctx is nil, it runs under the same context as obj.
The Create method panics if called on an object that does not represent a QML component.
func (*Common) CreateWindow ¶
CreateWindow creates a new instance of the component held by obj, and creates a new window holding the instance as its root object. The component instance runs under the ctx context. If ctx is nil, it runs under the same context as obj.
The CreateWindow method panics if called on an object that does not represent a QML component.
func (*Common) Destroy ¶
func (obj *Common) Destroy()
Destroy finalizes the value and releases any resources used. The value must not be used after calling this method.
func (*Common) Float64 ¶
Float64 returns the float64 value of the named property. Float64 panics if the property cannot be represented as float64.
func (*Common) Int ¶
Int returns the int value of the named property. Int panics if the property cannot be represented as an int.
func (*Common) Int64 ¶
Int64 returns the int64 value of the named property. Int64 panics if the property cannot be represented as an int64.
func (*Common) Interface ¶
func (obj *Common) Interface() interface{}
Interface returns the underlying Go value that is being held by the object wrapper.
It is a runtime error to call Interface on values that are not backed by a Go value.
func (*Common) List ¶
List returns the list value of the named property. List panics if the property is not a list.
func (*Common) Map ¶
Map returns the map value of the named property. Map panics if the property is not a map.
func (*Common) Object ¶
Object returns the object value of the named property. Object panics if the property is not a QML object.
func (*Common) ObjectByName ¶
ObjectByName returns the Object value of the descendant object that was defined with the objectName property set to the provided value. ObjectByName panics if the object is not found.
func (*Common) On ¶
On connects the named signal from obj with the provided function, so that when obj next emits that signal, the function is called with the parameters the signal carries.
The provided function must accept a number of parameters that is equal to or less than the number of parameters provided by the signal, and the resepctive parameter types must match exactly or be conversible according to normal Go rules.
For example:
obj.On("clicked", func() { fmt.Println("obj got a click") })
Note that Go uses the real signal name, rather than the one used when defining QML signal handlers ("clicked" rather than "onClicked").
For more details regarding signals and QML see:
http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-5.0/qtqml/qml-qtquick2-connections.html
func (*Common) Property ¶
Property returns the current value for a property of the object. If the property type is known, type-specific methods such as Int and String are more convenient to use. Property panics if the property does not exist.
type Context ¶
type Context struct {
Common
}
Context represents a QML context that can hold variables visible to logic running within it.
func (*Context) SetVar ¶
SetVar makes the provided value available as a variable with the given name for QML code executed within the c context.
If value is a struct, its exported fields are also made accessible to QML code as attributes of the named object. The attribute name in the object has the same name of the Go field name, except for the first letter which is lowercased. This is conventional and enforced by the QML implementation.
The engine will hold a reference to the provided value, so it will not be garbage collected until the engine is destroyed, even if the value is unused or changed.
func (*Context) SetVars ¶
func (ctx *Context) SetVars(value interface{})
SetVars makes the exported fields of the provided value available as variables for QML code executed within the c context. The variable names will have the same name of the Go field names, except for the first letter which is lowercased. This is conventional and enforced by the QML implementation.
The engine will hold a reference to the provided value, so it will not be garbage collected until the engine is destroyed, even if the value is unused or changed.
type Engine ¶
type Engine struct { Common // contains filtered or unexported fields }
Engine provides an environment for instantiating QML components.
func NewEngine ¶
func NewEngine() *Engine
NewEngine returns a new QML engine.
The Destory method must be called to finalize the engine and release any resources used.
func (*Engine) AddImageProvider ¶
func (e *Engine) AddImageProvider(prvId string, f func(imgId string, width, height int) image.Image)
AddImageProvider registers f to be called when an image is requested by QML code with the specified provider identifier. It is a runtime error to register the same provider identifier multiple times.
The imgId provided to f is the requested image source, with the "image:" scheme and provider identifier removed. For example, with an image image source of "image://myprovider/icons/home.ext", the respective imgId would be "icons/home.ext".
If either the width or the height parameters provided to f are zero, no specific size for the image was requested. If non-zero, the returned image should have the the provided size, and will be resized if the returned image has a different size.
See the documentation for more details on image providers:
http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-5.0/qtquick/qquickimageprovider.html
func (*Engine) Destroy ¶
func (e *Engine) Destroy()
Destroy finalizes the engine and releases any resources used. The engine must not be used after calling this method.
It is safe to call Destroy more than once.
func (*Engine) Load ¶
Load loads a new component with the provided location and with the content read from r. The location informs the resource name for logged messages, and its path is used to locate any other resources referenced by the QML content.
Once a component is loaded, component instances may be created from the resulting object via its Create and CreateWindow methods.
func (*Engine) LoadFile ¶
LoadFile loads a component from the provided QML file. Resources referenced by the QML content will be resolved relative to its path.
Once a component is loaded, component instances may be created from the resulting object via its Create and CreateWindow methods.
func (*Engine) LoadString ¶
LoadString loads a component from the provided QML string. The location informs the resource name for logged messages, and its path is used to locate any other resources referenced by the QML content.
Once a component is loaded, component instances may be created from the resulting object via its Create and CreateWindow methods.
type InitOptions ¶
type InitOptions struct { }
InitOptions holds options to initialize the qml package.
type List ¶
type List struct {
// contains filtered or unexported fields
}
List holds a QML list which may be converted to a Go slice of an appropriate type via Convert.
In the future this will also be able to hold a reference to QML-owned maps, so they can be mutated in place.
func (*List) Convert ¶
func (l *List) Convert(sliceAddr interface{})
Convert allocates a new slice and copies the list content into it, performing type conversions as possible, and then assigns the result to the slice pointed to by sliceAddr. Convert panics if the list values are not compatible with the provided slice.
type LogMessage ¶
type LogMessage interface { Severity() LogSeverity Text() string File() string Line() int String() string // returns "file:line: text" // contains filtered or unexported methods }
LogMessage is implemented by values provided to QmlLogger.QmlOutput.
type LogSeverity ¶
type LogSeverity int
const ( LogDebug LogSeverity = iota LogWarning LogCritical LogFatal )
type Map ¶
type Map struct {
// contains filtered or unexported fields
}
Map holds a QML map which may be converted to a Go map of an appropriate type via Convert.
In the future this will also be able to hold a reference to QML-owned maps, so they can be mutated in place.
func (*Map) Convert ¶
func (m *Map) Convert(mapAddr interface{})
Convert allocates a new map and copies the content of m property to it, performing type conversions as possible, and then assigns the result to the map pointed to by mapAddr. Map panics if m contains values that cannot be converted to the type of the map at mapAddr.
type Object ¶
type Object interface { Common() *Common Addr() uintptr TypeName() string Interface() interface{} Set(property string, value interface{}) Property(name string) interface{} Int(property string) int Int64(property string) int64 Float64(property string) float64 Bool(property string) bool String(property string) string Color(property string) color.RGBA Object(property string) Object Map(property string) *Map List(property string) *List ObjectByName(objectName string) Object Call(method string, params ...interface{}) interface{} Create(ctx *Context) Object CreateWindow(ctx *Context) *Window Destroy() On(signal string, function interface{}) }
Object is the common interface implemented by all QML types.
See the documentation of Common for details about this interface.
type Painter ¶
type Painter struct {
// contains filtered or unexported fields
}
Painter is provided to Paint methods on Go types that have displayable content.
type QmlLogger ¶
type QmlLogger interface { // QmlOutput is called whenever a new message is available for logging. // The message value must not be used after the method returns. QmlOutput(message LogMessage) error }
The QmlLogger interface may be implemented to better control how log messages from the qml package are handled. Values that implement either StdLogger or QmlLogger may be provided to the SetLogger function.
type Statistics ¶
func Stats ¶
func Stats() (snapshot Statistics)
type StdLogger ¶
type StdLogger interface { // Output is called whenever a new message is available for logging. // See the standard log.Logger type for more details. Output(calldepth int, s string) error }
The StdLogger interface is implemented by standard *log.Logger values. Values that implement either StdLogger or QmlLogger may be provided to the SetLogger function.
type TypeSpec ¶
type TypeSpec struct { // Init must be set to a function that is called when QML code requests // the creation of a new value of this type. The provided function must // have the following type: // // func(value *CustomType, object qml.Object) // // Where CustomType is the custom type being registered. The function will // be called with a newly created *CustomType and its respective qml.Object. Init interface{} // Name optionally holds the identifier the type is known as within QML code, // when the registered extension module is imported. If not specified, the // name of the Go type provided as the first argument of Init is used instead. Name string // Singleton defines whether a single instance of the type should be used // for all accesses, as a singleton value. If true, all properties of the // singleton value are directly accessible under the type name. Singleton bool // contains filtered or unexported fields }
TypeSpec holds the specification of a QML type that is backed by Go logic.
The type specification must be registered with the RegisterTypes function before it will be visible to QML code, as in:
qml.RegisterTypes("GoExtensions", 1, 0, []qml.TypeSpec{{ Init: func(p *Person, obj qml.Object) {}, }})
See the package documentation for more details.
type Window ¶
type Window struct {
Common
}
Window represents a QML window where components are rendered.
func (*Window) PlatformId ¶
PlatformId returns the window's platform id.
For platforms where this id might be useful, the value returned will uniquely represent the window inside the corresponding screen.
func (*Window) Root ¶
Root returns the root object being rendered.
If the window was defined in QML code, the root object is the window itself.
Directories
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Path | Synopsis |
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examples
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This package supports the implementation of the qml package, and must not be used by itself.
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This package supports the implementation of the qml package, and must not be used by itself. |